中山2021年4月自考英语(一)复习（58）

3.作宾语

1)必须接动名词作宾语的动词有：admit, appreciate, avoid, consider, delay, deny, finish, mind, postpone, risk等

如：We'd better postpone discussing it till next week.我们最好把这件事推迟到下星期讨论。

2) 有些动词既可以接动名词也可以跟不定式作宾语。如：attempt, begin, continue, hate, like, love, start，need等。如果用动名词，在意义上比较一般和抽象，时间观念不强;如果用不定式则表示具体的动作，有将来时的含义。

如：The boys like playing football.这些男孩们喜欢踢足球。(经常性的动作)

Would you like to play football with us this Sunday? 这个周日愿意和我们一起踢球吗?(指一次动作)

注：need, require, want作需要解时，后面须根动名词或不定式的被动语态作宾语，这时动名词的主动式表示被动的意义。

如：The window needs /wants/requires cleaning (to be cleaned).这个窗户需要清洗。

3)在remember, forget, stop, mean, regret, try, go on等动词后动名词和不定式的区别比较大

如：I remember reading the book.我记得读过这本书。(记得做过某事，已做)

I remember to read the book.我必须记得去读这本书。(记住去做某事，未做)

The old lady forgot telling us the story and told us a second time.那个老太太忘记给我们讲过这个故事，她又讲了一遍。(忘记做过某事，此事已经发生)

I forgot to lock the door this morning.今天早晨我忘记锁门了。(忘记去做某事，此事未做)

Though they were all tired, they wouldn't stop working.虽然他们都很累了，但是他们也不肯停止工作。(停止正在或经常做的事)

After walking a long time, he stopped to have a rest.走了好长时间之后，他停下来休息。(停止某件事，目的是去做另一件事)

Missing the train means waiting for another hour. 误了这趟火车意味着再等一个小时。(意味着)

I mean to come early today.我打算今天早些来。(打算)

He regretted saying that to her face.他后悔当她面说那番话。(对做过的事情后悔)

I regret to tell you that I won't go with you.我很遗憾地告诉你，我不能和你一起去。(对要做的事遗憾)

Why not try knocking at the back door?为什么不试试敲后门。(试验，试一试某种方法)

He will try to improve his spoken English.他要设法提高他的英语口语。(努力，企图做某事)

They went on working after dark.天黑之后，他们继续工作。(继续原先没有做完的事情)

After finishing the letter, he went on to read a book.写完信后，他接着读书。(继而做另外一件事)

4)动名词作介词宾语

如：He is against dancing all night.他反对通宵跳舞。

注：下列短语中的to是介词，不是不定式符号

如：in addition to除外， devote oneself to献身于，look forward to期望， be used to习惯于， stick to坚持，lead to导致，object to反对，be opposed to反对，pay attention to注意等

如：He is used to working on the night shift.他已习惯上夜班。

We are so much looking forward to seeing you again.我们非常盼望再见到你。