中山2021年4月自考英语(一)复习（52）

3.疑问词what, who, which, when, where, how和连接词whether之后，可以跟带to的不定式，构成一个特殊的动词不定式短语，可以在句中作主语，宾语和表语。

如：How to solve the problem is very important.如何解决这个问题是很重要的。(主语)

He didn't know what to say. 他不知道该怎么说。(宾语)

The question is where to find the source of water.问题是在什么地方能找到水源。(表语)

4.不带to的不定式

1)在feel, hear, listen to, look at, notice, observe, see, watch, let, have等动词后面，动词不定式作宾语补足语，动词不定式符号to通常省略。

2)在would rather…than, would sooner…than, rather than, had better等结构中

如：I would rather go than stay.我宁愿走不愿意留下。

He insisted on going back to his work rather than stay in hospital.他坚持要返回到工作岗位，而不再住院。

3)在以why引导的疑问句中不带to。

如：Why spend such a lot of money? 为什么花那么多钱?

4)在cannot but, cannot choose, cannot help but之后的不定式不带to.

如：I cannot but admire his courage. 我不得不钦佩他的勇气。

5) 不定式动词在介词but, except, besides后面时，如果这些介词之前有行为动词do的各种形式，那么，这些介词后面的不定式不带to, 否则要带to。

如：The boy would do nothing but cry.这个男孩只是哭。

I have no choice but to accept the fact.除了接受这个事实之外，我别无选择。

6)某些习语中，如：make believe(假装)，let go (放开，释放)，hear say(据说)，go hang (

忘却)等。

如：The children are making believe that they are princes and princesses.孩子假装他们是王子和公主。

7)两个动词不定式由and, or 或than连接在一起，为了避免重复，第二个动词不定式可以省去。

如：I'd like to lie down and go to sleep.我想躺下睡觉。

但是如果是两者的对照，后面的不定式不省to.

如：It is better to laugh than to cry. 笑比哭好。