主要构词法
affixation(词缀法)
1.形容词后缀 -ful beautiful,useful,
2.形容词后缀 -ive impressive
3.形容词后缀 -y greasy
4.名词后缀 -ation combination,formation
5.名词后缀 -ure pressure
6.名词后缀 -y discovery
7.名词后缀 -er traveler,miner
8.名词后缀 -ful handful
9.副词后缀 -ly finally,probably,immediately,carefully,
10.副词后缀 -ward upward
本课语言点
1. They are the hardest substance found in nature.
本句中found in nature是定语从句,修饰substance.定语从句中省略了that are.这种省略现象在定语从句中很常见,在前几个单元中,我们遇到过多次。请看下面的句子:
1) There are many books (that) I'd like to read. (有很多书我想看。)
2) He is a man (that) we all like and trust. (他是一个我们大家喜欢和信赖的人。)
3) This is the most interesting film (that) I have ever seen. (这是我看过的最有意思的电影)
先行词的前面有形容词最高级时,定语从句必须用that引导,而不用which.
本句中的hardest意思为“坚硬的”“坚固的”,而不是“困难的”。
mean是一个很常见的词,本句中的意思是“意味着”。mean还有“意欲,企图,打算”的意思。请看下面的句子,注意mean在各句中的意思和用法:
1) What do you mean by saying this to me? (你对我说这个是什么意思?)
2) Friendship means everything to him. (友谊对他来说意味着一切。)
3) The teacher's praise meant so much to the children. (老师的表扬对孩子们来说很重要。)
4) I'm serious about this. I mean what I say. (我对此事是认真的,我说话算数。)
5) I'm sorry, I didn't mean to hurt you. (对不起,我无意伤害你。)
6) They meant to finish the work ahead of time. (他们的打算是提前完成这项工作。)
7) I meant to call you but I forgot. (我原打算给你打电话的,但我忘记了。)
cut在前一个句子中做动词用,意思是“切割”,在后一个句子中做名词用,意思是“切面”。